10x12 deck materials: boards, joists & footings
A board-by-board takeoff for a deck that projects 10 ft from the house and runs 12 ft along it. The numbers are computed, not estimated by area.
For a 10×12 deck, buy 16 composite boards (15 × 20 ft + 1 × 12 ft) or 30 pressure-treated 5/4×6 boards (5 × 12 ft + 24 × 10 ft + 1 × 8 ft).
22 rows of 5½″ boards, including 5% spare. Framing: 10 × 2x8 joists at 16″ o.c., a (2) 2x12 beam on 2 posts, and 2 footings using 8 bags of concrete.
Customize this deck in the planner →Decking layout
compositeFraming plan
IRC R507Deck boards by material
| Decking | Layout | Buy | Boards | Waste | Screws / clips |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Composite, 12/16/20 ft | Fewest seams | 24 × 16 ft | 24 | 24.2% | 221 clips |
| Composite, 12/16/20 ft | Least waste (2 seam joists) | 15 × 20 ft + 1 × 12 ft | 16 | 8.6% | 244 clips |
| 5/4×6 PT, 8–16 ft | Fewest seams | 24 × 16 ft | 24 | 24.2% | 462 screws |
| 5/4×6 PT, 8–16 ft | Least waste (2 seam joists) | 5 × 12 ft + 24 × 10 ft + 1 × 8 ft | 30 | 7.4% | 509 screws |
| Composite, boards along the 10 ft side | Fewest seams | 28 × 12 ft | 28 | 15.6% | 237 clips |
5½″ boards, 3/16″ gap (composite) or 1/8″ (wood), ¾″ overhang on three sides, joists 16″ o.c., 1″ trim allowance per piece, 5% spare boards. “Waste” is the offcut share of the board length bought. Compare with other sizes in our deck board waste study, or see how to stagger the seams.
Framing, footings & hardware
| Joists | 10 × 2x8 @ 16″ o.c. |
| Joist span (ledger to beam) | 9′ 10 1/2″ of 11′ 10″ allowed |
| Beam | (2) 2x12, posts @ 10′ |
| Posts / footings | 2 × 6x6 / 2 × Ø16″ |
| Concrete (36″ deep, 10″ tubes) | 4.3 ft³ = 8 × 80 lb |
| Ledger fasteners | 9 × ½″ lags @ 18″ |
| Joist hangers / ties | 10 / 10 |
Assumes a deck attached with a ledger, southern pine framing, a dropped beam at the outer edge, 1,500 psf soil and a 36″ deck height. Change any of these in the planner, for example Douglas fir framing, a freestanding deck or a cantilever, and the whole list updates.
Joists that carry butt seams are doubled, and the joist count includes them. Spans come from IRC Tables R507.5 and R507.6 at a 40 psf live load. They are not a substitute for your local code or an engineered design. See the methodology.